Young Paul Baum learned the craft of porcelain painting at the Royal Porcelain Manufactory in the Saxon city of Meissen. However, he soon became bored of painting flowers, birds and patterns and therefore decided to study painting at the age of 18. He first went to the art academy in nearby Dresden, where he was trained by Friedrich Friedrich Preller dem Jüngeren , a well-known landscape and marine painter. After one year he changed to the art school in Weimar, where he continued his studies with the Düsseldorf landscape painter Theodor Hagen. During this time Baum also undertook his first longer trips to Mecklenburg and Hamburg, and later to the Netherlands and Belgian Flanders. For a while he also spent time near Munich in the artists' colony of Dachau, which at the time was the most important artists' colony in Germany after Worpswede.